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Sometimes you don't have all of the fields or variables associated with a record or observation. Or, you may allow your respondents to not answer, or to answer with "not applicable".

You always want to code any "non-answers" and tell SPSS that these should be treated as missing data. This will make SPSS ignore those values in any analysis.

Example: Eye Color
1 = blue, 2 = green, 3 = brown, 4 = hazel, 5 = other
96 = Not applicable
99 = Missing

Both 96 and 99 should be designated as MISSING VALUES.

SPSS also uses the "DOT" to represent SYSTEM-MISSING values. These will always be treated as missing without any special designation. Leaving a field blank when entering data will treat it as missing.