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Alle Oberthemen / Medicine / Anatomy

Anat: Neck: muscles/glands (50 Karten)

Sag Danke
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Submandibular gland: blood supply
submental artery
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Submandibular gland: venous drainage
submental vein
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Submandibular gland: lymphatic drainage
deep cervical lymph nodes
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Submandibular gland: nerve supply
Same as sublingual gland:

Parasympathetic: chorda tympani (VII)

Sympathetic: superior cervical ganglia

Sympathetic stimulation: constricts blood supply and reduces secretion
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Submandibular gland: blood supply
submental artery
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Submandibular gland: body/size
thumb size

partly superficial and partly deep to mylohyoid muscle
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Submandibular duct: locations
passes deep, then superficial to lingual nerve

opens via sublingual papillae along the frenulum
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Sublingual gland: blood supply
sublingual artery

submental artery
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Sublingual gland: venous drainage
lingual vein

facial vein
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Sublingual gland: lymphatic drainage
deep cervical lymph nodes
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Sublingual gland: nerve supply
Same as submandibular gland:

Parasympathetic: chorda tympani (VII)

Sympathetic: superior cervical ganglia

Sympathetic stimulation: constricts blood supply and reduces secretion
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Sublingual gland: locations
lies in floor of mouth between mandible and genioglossus

numerous small ducts open into the floor of the mouth, sometimes into submandibular duct
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Sublingual gland: body/size
smallest and deepest gland

forms a horseshoe shaped mass around frenulum on floor of mouth
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Parotid gland: Lymphatic drainage
superficial & deep cervical lymph nodes
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Parotid gland: venous drainage
Retromandibular vein into internal jugular
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Parotid gland: blood supply
External carotid
superficial temporal artery
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Parotid gland: nerve supply
Parasympathetic: Glossopharyngeal (IX) via lesser petrosal nerve > otic ganglion > auriculotemporal nerve (VII) > parotid gland

Parasympathetic stimulation: produces watery saliva

Sympathetic: cervical ganglia (external carotid plexus)

Sympathetic stimulation: produces thick mucous saliva
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Parotid gland: components
Superficial and deep components
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Parotid gland: location
Wedged between masseter muscle and sternocleidomastoid muscle

overlaps posterior parts of masseter muscle
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Parotid gland: body
Superficial and deep components

covered by fibrous parotid fascia

5 cm long, 5 cm wide
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Parotid duct locations
Passes through buccinator muscle

enters oral cavity opposite second maxillary molar
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Locations of accessory salivary glands
palate
lips
cheek
tonsils
tongue
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Thyroid gland: blood supply
superior and inferior thyroid arteries

10% of population have a :thyroid ima artery" which is a potential source of bleeding in thyroid surgery
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Thyroid gland: venous drainage
thyroid veins into thyroid plexus
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Thyroid gland: venous drainage
thyroid veins to thyroid plexus
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Thyroid gland: lymphatic drainage
deep cervical lymph nodes

paratracheal lymph nodes
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Thyroid gland: nerve supply
cervical sympathetic ganglia (causes constriction of blood vessels)
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Thyroid gland: secretion
Endocrine secretion

regulated by pituitary gland

Secretes T4 (thyroxine) and T3 (tri-iodothyronine) which regulate the rate of metabolism (90% in T4) and affect growth and rate of function of many body systems
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Thyroid gland: location
between C5 and T1

usually anterior to 2nd and 3rd tracheal rings

consists of right and left lobes, separated by isthmus
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Parathyroid glands: blood supply
inferior and superior thyroid arteries
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Parathyroid glands: venous drainage
thyroid plexus
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Parathyroid glands: lymphatic drainage
deep cervical lymph nodes

paratracheal lymph nodes
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Parathyroid glands: nerve supply
Autonomic nervous system (not well known)
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Parathyroid glands: secretion
parathyroid hormone (increases bone resorption)
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Hyoid bone: functions
holds up tongue and larynx

transmits force of muscles to help open jaw
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Hyoid bone: structure
body

greater horn

lesser horn



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Hyoid bone: muscles that move it up and forward
mylohyoid

geniohyoid
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Hyoid bone: muscles that move it upward and backward
stylohyoid
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Mylohyoid muscle
forms floor of mouth

innervated by mylohyoid nerve from inferior alveolar nerve (V3)
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Geniohyoid muscle
center and attaches to body of hyoid bone

innervated by C1
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Stylohyoid muscle
from styloid process to greater horn of hyoid bone

has a hole in it for the digastric muscle to pass through

innervated by CN VII
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Digastric muscle
Pulls hyoid up via pulley system.

Stretches from mandible to mastoid process

Innervated by CN VII
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Hyoid bone: muscles that move it downwards
Omohyoid

Sternohyoid

Thyrohyoid
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Omohyoid muscle
innervated by C1-C3 ansa cervicalis

(ansa cervicalis is a loop formed by C1-C3)
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Sternohyoid muscle
Innervated by C1-C3 ansa cervicalis (ansa cervicalis is a loop formed by C1-C3)
46
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Thyrohyoid muscle
Innervated by C1

Piggybacks on CN IX; takes the same path, but is not part of it
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3 stages of deglutition
deglutition = swallowing.

1st: Oral, voluntary stage
2nd: Pharyngeal, reflexive stage
3rd: esophageal stage
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Oral stage of deglutition
First stage

Voluntary

Food pushed into oropharynx by tongue
Tongue raised and pushed against hard palate
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Pharyngeal stage of deglutition
Second stage

Reflexive

Breathing and chewing cease. Food goes over tongue and enters esophagus. Trachea closes.
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Esophageal stage of deglutition
Third stage

Inferior constrictor of pharynx muscle moves food

Under control of brainstem and mysenteric plexus.
Innervation: internal and external laryngeal nerve, recurrent laryngeal nerve (all branches from vagus; vagus control)
Kartensatzinfo:
Autor: that was rad
Oberthema: Medicine
Thema: Anatomy
Schule / Uni: New England College of Optometry
Ort: Boston
Veröffentlicht: 20.12.2009
Tags: od2013, od1, neco, Neck, larynx, hyoid
 
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