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Alle Oberthemen / BWL / Human Side of Innovation

HSI - Core (53 Karten)

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Definition of creativity
“A product or response will be judged as creative to the extent that (a) it is both a novel and appropriate, useful, correct or valuable response to the task at hand and (b) the task is heuristic rather than algorithmic”

Heuristic tasks: no clear goal or no obvious path to solution

additions:
  • production of ideas that are both novel and useful
  • key precursor to innovation
  • creative ideas can relate to work procedures, products, services and organizing structures

Tags: creativity, deck 1
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Amabile's 3 main creativity facilitators (components)
  • domain-relevant skills: factual knowledge, skills and experience in a specific field
  • creativity-relevant skills: innovative cognitive style, knowledge of techniques to produce creative ideas
  • task motivation intrinsic motivation: interest in and enjoyment of the actual work task
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The 5 phases of creativity are...
1) problem or task presentation
external stimulus or internal stimulus

2) preparation
Building up and/or reactivating store of relevant information and response algorithms

3) response generation
Search memory and immediate environment to generate response possibility

4) response validation
test response possibility against factual knowledge and other criteria

5) outcome
complete attainment of goal (success) or no reasonable response possibilities generated (failure) or some progress towards goal.
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Intrinsic and Extrinsic Motivation Principle
Intrinsic motivation is conducive to creativity

controlling (=nonsynergistic) extrinsic motivation is detrimental to creativity

informational/enabling (=synergistic) extrinsic motivation can be conducive to creativity
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Amabile's theory of creativity: Environment & Motivation
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Three oportunities to enhance creativity...
  • by increasing intrinsic motivation
  • (optimal challenge, freedom & autonomy, tasks matched to interests)
  • by increasing informational/enabling (=synergistic) extrinsic motivation
  • (recognition confirming competence, clear strategic direction, resources enabling interesting work)
  • by reducing controlling (=nonsynergistic) extrinsic motivation
  • (less surveillance, no expectation of critical evaluation, no unrealistic deadlines)

Tags: creativity, deck 1
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Amabile's KEYS scale
1. Organizational encouragement (encouragement of creativity)
An organizational culture that encourages creativity through the fair,
constructive judgment of ideas, reward and recognition for creative
work, mechanisms for developing new ideas, an active flow of ideas and a shared vision of what the organization is trying to do


2. Supervisory encouragement (encouragement of creativity)
A supervisor who serves as a good work model, sets goals appropriately, supports the work group, values individual contributions, and shows confidence in the work group

3. work group supports (encouragement of creativity)
A diversely skilled work group in which people communicate well, are open to new ideas, constructively challenge each other‘s work, trust and help each other, and feel committed to the work they do

4. Sufficient resources (resources)
Access to appropriate resources, including funds, materials, facilities, and information

5. Challenging work (pressures)
A sense of having to work hard on challenging tasks and important projects

6. Freedom (autonomy or freedom)
Freedom in deciding what work to do or how to do it; a sense of
control over one‘s work


7. Organizational impediments (Organizational impediments to creativity)
An organizational culture that impedes creativity through internal
political problems, harsh criticism of new ideas, destructive internal
competition, an avoidance of risk, and an overemphasis on the status quo


8. Workload pressure (pressures)
Extreme time pressures, unrealistic expectations for productivity, and distractions from creative work
Tags: creativity, deck 1
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Creativity: 2 individual facilitators
Impact of employee personality measured by
  • CPS
  • Personality trait "openness to experience
  • Innovative cognitive style

Impact of employee affect (mood/emotions) on creativity:
main hypothesis: Positive affect will enhance creativity by facilitating cognitive variation, e.g. it increases the breadth of material availablefor association by inducing a defocused scope of attention



Tags: creativity, deck 1, individual facilitators
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Creativity: 6 situational facilitators
task complexity
high levels of challenge, autonomy and skill variety

interpersonal support
supportive and non-controlling leadership valuing creativity; supportive coworkers, even support from non-work sources

time pressure
high level tends to be detrimental to creativity, unless employees are protected from distractions and fragmentation of work

psychological safety
an environment in which employees believe that others will respond positively when they speak up, report problems or propose new ideas

goal setting
important to create role expectations by setting creativity goals or making creative activity a job requirement

feedback
constructive and developmental performance feedback positive for creativity, critical evaluation negative
Tags: creativity, deck 1
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4 brainstorming rules according to Osborn
1. no criticism
do not criticize ideas. group members should not evaöuate ideas in any way during the generation phase.

2. freewheeling welcome
group members should express any idea that comes to mind, no matter how strange, weird, or fanciful. Group members are encouraged not to be constrained nor timid.

quantity desired
group members should generate as many ideas as possible. groups should strive for quantity.

combining/improving ideas encouraged
because all of the ideas belong to the group, members should try to modify and extend the ideas suggested by other members whenever possible.
Tags: brainstorming, deck 1
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4 brainstorming threats
  • production blocking
  • no uninterreputed flow of thought possible; only one person can speak at one time.
  • social loafing
  • participants may not work as hard as they would alone.
  • evaluation anxiety and conformity
  • > fear that others may negatively evaluate one's ideas. members may communicate traditional or similar ideas to "fit in".
  • downward norm setting
  • > brainstorming participants sometimes tend to match their performance to that of the least productive members.
Tags: brainstorming, deck 1
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6 brainstorming solutions
  • brainwriting - silently writing down ideas / taking breaks
  • nominal group technique - sharing and discussing ideas after independently writing them down
  • electronic brainstorming - type in ideas digitally while all or a sample of all ideas are viewable
  • diversification & membership change
  • trained facilitators
  • free-association exercises
  • IGI
Tags: brainstorming, deck 1
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Kartensatzinfo:
Autor: Florian
Oberthema: BWL
Thema: Human Side of Innovation
Schule / Uni: TU Berlin
Ort: Berlin
Veröffentlicht: 13.07.2013
Tags: Innovation
 
Schlagwörter Karten:
Alle Karten (53)
additional (1)
authentic (1)
barriers of will (1)
between teams (1)
brainstorming (3)
btc (2)
champion (3)
climate (3)
creativity (9)
deck 1 (12)
deck 2 (25)
deck 4 (8)
deck 5 (2)
deck5 (1)
Definition (1)
diversity (3)
gatekeeper (1)
hoegl (2)
implementation (1)
individual facilitators (1)
innovation (2)
inter-team (1)
kearney (1)
leadership (3)
motivation (1)
opponent (1)
opponents (1)
process (1)
promotor (2)
radical innovation (1)
relationship (3)
results (2)
roles (14)
tci (2)
team (2)
teams (5)
technological gatekeeper (1)
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