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Modified upper part of respiratory passage of air-breathing vertebrates.

Bounded superiorly by the glottis, and continues inferiorly with the trachea.

Consists of 3 large unpaired pieces of cartilage
and
3 smaller paired pieces of cartilage.

Is the valve separating the GI and respiratory tracts.

steep angle = deep voice

true vocal cords plus rima glottidis (the space between the vocal cords)

Arytenoid

Corniculate

Cuneiform

Thyroid

Epiglottis

Cricoid

steeper the angle, the deeper the voice

Laryngeal prominence/Adam's Apple

Thyroid notch: notch along the superior margin. V-shaped.

closes over wind pipe to prevent food from entering while eating

Most inferior

Role in phonation.

Pyramid shaped (A-shaped)

Each arytenoid sits on top of each lateral side of cricoid

Role in phonation

Attach to superior tips of arytenoids "like little pieces of CORN."

Act as a stop for epiglottis to rest upon during eating

Do not attach to any other cartilages

folds of mucus membranes

stretches from thyroid cartilage anteriorly to arytenoids posteriorly

phonation. lengthens vocal cords

Pairs with thyroarytenoid.

Lies medially to thyroarytenoid.

shortens vocal cords for fine variations of phonation as it is attached to the vocal cord.

Shortens vocal cords.

Paris with vocalis muscles

Lies temporally to vocalis muscles

Abduct vocal cords

Adduct vocal cords

adduct vocal cords