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All main topics / Chemistry / General

General Chemistry (26 Cards)

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1
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n
amount of substance
[mol]
2
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amount of substance
n [mol]
3
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m
mass
4
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mass
m
5
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M
molar mass
6
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molar mass
M
7
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Avogadro's number
NA
number of particles in 1 mole
6.022 * 10^23 mol^-1
1/mol= mol^-1
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V
volume [mL; L]
9
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N
particles (without unit)
10
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C
particle concentration
11
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c
mol concentration

oder

speed of light (2.9979 * 10^8  [m/s])
12
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Matter (material)
all objects that occupy volume (space) and posses mass
13
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Substances
materials, where the internal properties are in focus of interes, e.g. the involved atoms and the kind of their arrangement
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Bodies
Contrast to substances
characterized by a special form, shape or magnitude (external properties)
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Pure Substances
have a defined composition and under a given pressure constant melting- and boilingpoints
cannot be seperated into other kinds of matter by any physical process
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Mixtures
several substances in variable positions
can be seperated into two or more substances by physical means
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Homogenous Substances
are of uniform composition down to the areas of atomic magnitude

at every point the same composition (molecules)
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Heterogenous Substances
a non-uniform mixture of physically distinct parts, each with different properties (>phases)
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(mixed) Phases
one of several different homogenous materials present in the portion of matter under study

the distinguished parts/areas of existence may be gaseous, liquid or solid

(phase 1 water/phase border/ phase 2 oil)
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state of matter (phase):          |     existence of matter in...
solid state:                                         stable form, defined volume
liquid state:                                         instable form, defined volume
gaseous state:                                   instable form, undefined volume
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Phase transition:
solid > liquid: melting
solid > gaseous:  sublimation

liquid > gaseous: boiling
liquid > solid: freezing

gaseous > liquid: condensation
gaseous > solid: resublimation
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(Chemical) Elements:
- basic materials, cannot be decomposed by any chemical reaction into simpler substances (but by physical methods)

- a type of matter composed by only one kind of atom, each atom of of a given kind having the same properties

- modern definition: elements are substances whose atoms all have the same atomic number

- 118 elements known, 85 natural occuring, 33 artificial
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p (small RHO)
Dichte [g/ml]
24
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ceq
equivalent concentration [mol/L]
25
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z
equivalent number
26
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h
Planck's constant
6.626 *10^-34 [J*s]
Flashcard set info:
Author: Pfirsich
Main topic: Chemistry
Topic: General
Published: 27.02.2010
 
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