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All main topics / Ceramics / Basic Clay Working Terms

Ceramics Terms (10 Cards)

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1
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What is a firing?
Firing is the process of baking clay products in a high temperature oven.
Tags: art, ceramics, clay, firing, pottery
Source: Desrosiers
2
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What is underglaze?
Underglaze is a combination of clay and colorants mixed into a paste.  Underglazes can be thinned with water.  They can be used much like tempera paints because colors can be blended, tinted and toned.  Underglazes are used when the artist wants to use color in a detailed fashion to decorate pottery.  Underglazes may be applied to greenware or bisqueware.
Tags: ceramics, clay, glaze, pottery, underglaze
Source: Desrosiers
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What is clay?
Clay is formed from pulverized rock that has collected in low regions through the grinding action of erosion.  The particles of rock are extremely fine and become sticky as organic matter breaks down and mixes with the particles. 
Tags: ceramics, clay, pottery
Source: Desrosiers
4
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What is a clay body?
Clay bodies are created by combining a different clays together in a specific formula.  Clay bodies are formulated for specific purposes such as hand-building, working on the potter's wheel, sculpting and even industrial purposes.  Artists will generally mix or purchase clay bodies based upon workability, texture and color.
Tags: ceramics, clay, clay body, pottery
Source: Desrosiers
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What is plasticity?
When clay has been wedged to the right consistency it will be malleable and will maintain its shape.  It will not feel sticky or tacky.  It will not crack or crumble went bent, nor will it sag or slump when formed.  This perfect consistency is called plastic.
Tags: ceramics, clay, plastic, plasticity, pottery
Source: Desrosiers
6
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Describe the score and slip process and tell why is it used.
When bonding together clay pieces both mating edges should be roughly scratched with a sharp edged tool like a fettling knife or a fork.  This creates rough, grippy surfaces.  Then slip(sticky wet clay) is generously applied to the scored surfaces and they pushed together and smoothed.  Additional clay may be added to complete the bonding process.
Tags: ceramics, clay, pottery, score and slip
Source: Desrosiers
7
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What is vitrification?
When clay is fired to maturity it will be vitrified.  This means that all physical and chemical water has been burnt off, particles of clay are compacted and some of the minerals in the clay have melted.  Clay that has vitrified will be at it maximum strength and it has lost all porosity. Vitrification happens at different temperatures depending upon the clay body's formula.
Tags: ceramics, clay, maturity, pottery, vitrification
Source: Desrosiers
8
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What is bisque firing?
Bisque firing is the first firing.  Generally to about 1600 degrees F.
After bisque clay products will no longer breakdown in water.  This process prepares the clay for glaze and stain application. The clay is porous and absorbs water in the glaze and stain causing the glaze and stain to cling to the clay.
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What is glaze firing?
Glaze firings reach the maturity temperature for the clay body being fired.  This varies depending upon the type of clay and can be anywhere from 1600 to 2400 degrees F.   The clay being fired does not have to be glazed to be fired in a glaze firing.
Tags: ceramics, clay, firing, pottery
Source: Desrosiers
10
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What is glaze?
Glaze is a combination of chemicals and minerals formulated to melt and become  a glass coating when applied to clay products and fired to the proper temperature.
Glaze formulas must contain silica, alumina, and flux .  Colorants in the form of metal oxides are added to give the glaze color.
Tags: ceramics, clay, firing, glaze, pottery
Source: Desrosiers
Flashcard set info:
Author: CoboCards-User
Main topic: Ceramics
Topic: Basic Clay Working Terms
School / Univ.: New Prairie High School
City: New Carllisle, IN
Published: 17.10.2012
Tags: pottery, clay, ceramics, handbuiliding, glazing,
 
Card tags:
All cards (10)
art (1)
ceramics (9)
clay (9)
clay body (1)
firing (3)
glaze (2)
maturity (1)
plastic (1)
plasticity (1)
pottery (9)
score and slip (1)
underglaze (1)
vitrification (1)
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